目的 通过对卫生部北京医院(以下简称我院)现有的毒性中成药品种进行统计分析及药物利用和不良反应(adverse drug reaction, ADR)研究,并对临床使用中应注意的问题进行概述,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法 统计我院含毒性药材的中成药品种,并对其毒性成分、功效分类、用药金额、用药频度(defined daily dose system, DDDs)、不良反应及合理应用等进行分析。结果 目前我院共有中成药300余种,其中含毒性药材的中成药为105种。药物利用研究表明,我院用药金额和用药频度排名靠前的毒性中成药以骨科类用药、心脑血管用药为主。通过对我院近5年中成药不良反应进行统计,共收集中成药不良反应报表185份,其中49份涉及毒性中成药。结论 毒性中药在中医临床治疗中发挥着重要作用,但其引起不良反应的概率较大,后果较严重。因此需要对其毒性成分和作用机制不断深入研究,并与临床实践相结合,以保障用药安全,促进毒性中药的合理应用。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the varieties, pharmaceutical utilization, adverse drug reaction(ADR) and majority problems in clinical use of poisonous traditional Chinese medicines in Beijing hospital, so as to provide references for their clinical rational use. Methods The varieties of Chinese patent medicines contain poisonous ingredients in Beijing hospital were surveyed, and their poisonous ingredients, drug categories, consumption sums, defined daily dose system(DDDs), adverse reactions and rational uses were analyzed. Results There were more than 300 Chinese patent medicines in Beijing hospital, in which 105 contained poisonous ingredients. Pharmaceutical utilization research indicated that most of the poisonous Chinese patent medicines with much higher consumption sums and DDDs were used for orthopedics and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. In the statistics of ADR for 5 years in our hospital, 185 ADR reports of Chinese patent medicines were collected, among which poisonous Chinese patent medicines were involved in 49 ADR reports. Conclusion The poisonous traditional Chinese medicines play important roles in clinical treatment, however, the adverse reaction rates of these medicines were much higher and may cause serious outcome. Therefore, their poisonous constituents and action mechanisms should be researched in depth constantly and the research should be linked with their clinical practices, so as to ensure the safe and rational use of poisonous traditional Chinese medicines.
关键词
毒性药材 /
中成药 /
用药频度 /
不良反应 /
合理应用
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Key words
poisonous traditional Chinese medicine /
Chinese patent medicine /
defined daily dose system /
adverse drug reaction /
rational use
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中图分类号：
R969
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